back to HOME PAGE

“ANY TIME—ANY WHERE CONNECTIVITY “  a dream came true through mobile network.

Wide spread mobile networks across world have made it possible to establish either voice or data contact even when we are on move.

Mobile communication has broken all barriers of old conventional telephony system.

we have 02 standards for mobile network ::

GSM ---global system for mobile communication---based on TDMA ( time division  multiplex access )

CDMA---code division multiplex access

We will go through GSM concepts in this tutorial.

GSM network has following elements ::

a)     MSC—mobile switch center

b)     BSC---base station controller

c)      BTS---base transceiver

d)     HLR---home location register

e)     VLR---visitor location register

f)        AUC---authentication center

g)     EIR---equipment identity register

h)      OSS---operation & support systems

Network diagram with all above components ::

Mobile subscribers are connected to BTS installed in their area through frequency bands 900 Mhz / 1800 Mhz / 1900 Mhz ( TRI-BAND )…frequency band is decided by available spectrum in that city / region.

Group of BTS’s are connected to BSC…group of BSC’s are connected to MSC.

The BSC provides all control functions and layer-1 connectivity to MSC…This element of mobile network is used for handover of call  , cell configuration , power levels of RF.

MSC performs telephony switching function along with signaling…MSC is connected to other operator’s network / long distance network / international long distance network.

HLR is used for storing data about subscribers , service profile , location information…when ever a new subscriber is added in network than all information of that subscriber is stored in HLR

VLR is used for storing data base ( temporary ) of visiting customers…VLR is a part of MSC…when a roaming subscriber comes to new MSC location than VLR generates request to HLR having data base of that subscriber.

AUC is used to verify user authentication.

EIR is used to store identity of mobile equipments…AUC & EIR are always standalone nodes in mobile network.

OSS is used to monitor network parameters & controls…OSS also provides network over view and support maintenance activities.

Apart of these basic elements , network also use MXE ( message centre )&MSN(mobile service node )…these elements provide SMS , MMS , IVR              ( interactive voice ) and other IN ( intelligent network ) sevices.

GPRS / 3-G / EDGE are new technologies being integrated with GSM for data services ( MMS , MOBILE INTERNET , MULTI MEDIA )

Mobile is the fastest growing industry in India…we are adding 5-6 millions subscribers per month.

For detailed information , please contact vsaxena69@hotmail.com