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International long distance network deploys under sea submarine cables.

Ring structure remains same as that of national long distance network i.e DWDM rings with MS-SPRING.

As on date we have FLAG , SEA-ME-WE 1/2/3 & 4 , i2i , trans-atlantic submarine networks.

Typical network diagram for SEA-ME-WE 4 is ::

Landing stations take traffic for distribution in respective countries.

For example :: India has 02 landing stations for SEA-ME-WE 4 network at Mumbai & Chennai.

These nodes are known as international gate ways…they are connected to rest of the country with optical fiber , micro wave , VSAT.

For detailed information , please contact :: vsaxena69@hotmail.com