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During initial stage of telecom ( early 90’s ) when fiber network was being laid  so as to meet bandwidth demand across globe , it was need of hour to develop a bandwidth effective network.

It was found in experiments that ::

a)     voice is real time application i.e we need network to support voice application in real time through dedicated channels…this network was already there through switches ( TDM-time division multiplexing ) as discussed in previous slides

b)     data network may not be a real time because 80% of data is transmitted in 20% of allotted time thus making dedicated channel unused for remaining 80% of time…can we use this bandwidth for other customer !!...this gave  birth to IP ( INTERNET PROTOCOL ) based networks.

In IP based network data is transmitted in form of packets through destination labeling ( which is called as IP address )..packets from various locations / customers form a Q and are transmitted one by one on same dedicated channel thus making bandwidth sharing possible.

This technique was successful for data applications but was not suitable for REAL TIME applications i.e voice & video ,   time gap in packets at destination will make real time applications difficult to code ( initially voice over IP was having poor voice quality and difficult to understand  )

MPLS ( MULTI PROTOCOL LABEL SWITCHING ) is advanced form of IP-based networks with defined QoS ( quality of services ) for REAL-TIME applications.

Before evolution of MPLS , IP network has gone through deployment of Frame Relay & ATM ( asyn. Transfer mode ) technology.

Network diagram for MPLS  is as shown ::

Customers are connected to edge routers through access network ( as discussed in previous chapter )…Edge routers route packets to desired destination through Core Routers ,which are a part of long distance / international long distance networks.

QoS parameters can be set for REAL TIME applications ( voice / video ) so that these packets have priority over data packets in network.

MPLS network also supports multi-path routing thus making it redundant for transmission failures & hardware failures.

for detailed information please contact :: vsaxena69@hotmail.com